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Scientific Narrative References

  1. Baulcombe, D.C. (1996). RNA as a target and an initiator of post-transcriptional gene silencing in transgenic plants. Plant Molecular Biology 32 (1-2) 79-88.
  2. Conner, A. J., and Jacobs, J. M. (1999). Genetic engineering of crops as potential source of genetic hazard in the human diet. Mutation Research 443:223-34.
  3. Delannay, X.; Bauman, T. T.; Beighley, D. H.; Buettner, M. J.; Coble, H. D. ; DeFelice, M. S.; Derting, C. W.; Diedrick, T. J.; Griffin, J. L.; Hagood, E. S.; Hancock, F. G.; Hart, S. E.; LaVallee, B. J.; Loux, M. M.; Lueschen, W. E.; Matson, K. W.; Moots, C. K.; Murdock, E.; Nickell, A. D.; Owen, M. D. K.; Paschall, E. H., II; Prochaska, L. M.; Raymond, P. J.; Reynolds, D. B.; Rhodes, W. K.; Roeth, F. W.; Sprankle, P. L.; Tarochione, L. J.; Tinius, C. N.; Walker, R. H.; Wax, L. M.; Weigelt, H. D.; Padgette, S. R. (1995). Yield evaluation of a glyphosate-tolerant soybean line after treatment with glyphosate. Crop Science 35:1461-1467.
  4. Doerfler and W, Schubbert R. (1998). Uptake of foreign DNA from the environment: the gastrointestinal tract and the placenta as portals of entry. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift 110:40-44.
  5. Einspanier R., Klotz, A., Kraft J., Aulrich K., Poser R., Schwägele F., Jahreis G. and Flachowksy G. The fate of forage plant DNA in farm animals: A collaborative case-study investigating cattle and chicken fed recombinant plant material. Eur. Food Res. Technol., Vol. 212, Issue 1:2-12, 2001.
  6. U. S. FDA. (1992). Statement of Policy: Foods Derived from New Plant Varieties: Notice, Federal Register 57:104; 22984-23005.
  7. FAO/WHO. 1996. Biotechnology and food safety. Report of a joint FAO/WHO Consultation, Rome.
  8. Fire A.; Xu S; Montgomery MK; Kostas SA; Driver SE; Mello CC (1998). Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature, 391 (6669) p806-11.
  9. Flachowsky, G., Aulrich, K., Böhme, H. and Daenicke, R. GMO in animal nutrition - Results of experiments at our Institute. Proc. 6th Int. Feed Prod. Conf.; Piacenza:291-307; 27-28 Nov. 2000.
  10. Grant, Sarah R. (1999). Dissecting the mechanisms of posttranscriptional gene silencing: Divide and conquer. Cell 96:303-306.
  11. Gura T. (2000). A silence that speaks volumes Nature, 404:804-8.
  12. Hammond et al., (1996). “The feeding value of soybeans fed to rats, chickens, catfish and dairy cattle is not altered by genetic incorporation of glyphosate tolerance.” The Journal of Nutrition v. 126, p. 717-727.
  13. Hammond SM ; Bernstein E; Beach D; Hannon GJ (2000). An RNA-directed nuclease mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing in Drosophila cells. Nature 404: 293-6.
  14. Hansen, M. 2000. Genetic Engineering is Not an Extension of Conventional Plant Breeding: how genetic engineering differs from conventional breeding, hybridization, wide crosses, and horizontal gene transfer. http://www.biotech-info.net/wide_crosses.html
  15. Harris, R. J., Murnane, A. A., Utter, S. L., Wagner, K. L., Cox, E. T., Polastri, G. D., Heder, J. C., and Sliwkowski, M. B. (1993). Assessing genetic heterogeneity in production cell lines: detection by peptide mapping of a low level tyr to gln sequence variantin a recombinant antibody. Biotechnology 11, 1293-1297.
  16. Ho, M.-W., Ryan, A. and Cummins, J. (1999). Cauliflower mosaic viral promoter - a recipe for disaster? Microb. Ecol. in Health and Disease. 11:194-197.
  17. Hohlweg, U. and Doerfler, W. On the fate of plant or other foreign genes upon the uptake in food or after intramuscular injection in mice. Mol Genet Genomics 265: 225-233, 2001.
  18. Iglesias Victor A ; Moscone Eduardo A; Papp Istvan; Neuhuber Franz; Michalowski Susan; Phelan Thomas; Spiker Steven; Matzke Marjori; Matzke Antonius J M (1997). Molecular and cytogenetic analyses of stably and unstably expressed transgene loci in tobacco. Plant Cell 9:1251-1264
  19. Kay, R.A., Chan, A., Daly, M. and McPherson, J. (1987). Duplication of CaMV 35S promoter sequences creates a strong enhancer for plant genes. Science 236: 1299-1302.
  20. Khumnirdpetch V., Udomsri Intarachote A., Treemanee S., Tragoonroong S. and Thummabood S. Plant and Animal Genome IX Conf., San Diego, CA (Poster 585); 13-17 Jan 2001.
  21. Kinney & Knowlton (1998) in “Genetic Modification in the Food Industry” (Roller, S; Harlander S eds) Blackie, London, pp193-213.
  22. Klotz A and Einspanier, R. (1998). Nachweis von “Novel-Feed” im Tier? Beeintrachtigung des Verbrauchers von Fleish order Milch ist nicht zu erwarten. Mais 3:109-111.
  23. Klotz A, Einspanier R. (2000). Detection of chloroplast and Bt maize DNA in farm animals fed transgenic plants: Methods and first results. Genetically Modified Organisms in the Food Chain
  24. Kohli, A., Griffiths, S., Palacios, N., Twyman, R.M., Vain, P., Laurie, D.A. and Christou, P. (1999). Molecular characterization of transforming plasmid rearrangements in transgenic rice reveals a recombination hotspot in the CaMV promoter and confirms the predominance of microhomology mediated recombination. Plant J. 17:591-601.
  25. Matzke M A Neuhuber F; Matzke A J M (1993). A variety of epistatic interactions can occur between partially homologous transgene loci brought together by sexual crossing. Molecular & General Genetics 238: 379-386.
  26. Meyer, P. (1993). Expression and stability of foreign genes in animals and plants. In Transgenic organisms: risk assessment of deliberate release, K. Wohrmann and J. Tomiuk, eds. (Basel, Germany: Birkhauser Verlag AG), pp. 5-23.
  27. Meyer, P., Linn, F., Heidmann, I., Meyer, H. z. A., Niedenhof, I., and Saedler, H. (1992). Endogenous and environmental factors influence 35S promoter methylation of a maize A1 gene construct in transgenic petunia and its color phenotype. Molecular and General Genetics 231, 345-352.
  28. McAllan, A. B. 1982. The fate of nucleic acids in ruminants. Prac. Nutr. Soc. 41: 309-317.
  29. Morel, J.-B. and Tepfer, M. (2000). Are there potential risks associated with use of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter in transgenic plants? Biofutur 201: 32-35.
  30. Montgomery, Mark K.; and Fire, Andrew (1998). Double-stranded RNA as a mediator in sequence-specific genetic silencing and co-suppression. Trends in Genetics 14:255-258
  31. Napoli C ; Lemieux C; Jorgensen R (1990). Introduction Of A Chimeric Chalcone Synthase Gene Into Petunia Results In Reversible Co-Suppression Of Homologous Genes In Trans Plant Cell 1990. 2:279-290.
  32. National Research Council (2000). Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plant: Science and Regulation. Washington, DC. National Academy Press.
  33. Neuhuber F.; Park Y-D; Matzke A J M; Matzke M A (1994). Susceptibility of transgene loci to homology-dependent gene silencing. Molecular & General Genetics 244:230-241.
  34. Odell, J.T., Knowlton, S., Lin, W. and Mauvais, C.J. (1988). Properties of an isolated transcription stimulating sequence derived from the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Plant Molec. Biol. 10: 263-272.
  35. OECD, (1986). Recombinant DNA Safety Considerations. Group of National Experts on Biotechnology. OECD, Paris. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/45/54/1943773.pdf
  36. Padgette S R; Kolacz K H; Delannay X; Re D B; La Vallee B J; Tinius C N; Rhodes W K; Otero Y I; Barry G F; Eichholtz D A; Peschke V M; Nida D L; Taylor N B; Kishore G M (1995). Development, identification, and characterization of a glyphosate-tolerant soybean line. Crop Science 35:1451-1461.
  37. Padgette et al., (1996). “The composition of glyphosate-tolerant soybean seed is equivalent to that of conventional soybeans.” The Journal of Nutrition v. 126, p. 702-706.
  38. Peterhans, A., Schlüpmann, H., Basse, C., and Paszkowski, J. (1990). Intrachromosomal recombination in plants. EMBO J 9, 3437-3445.
  39. Romano Nicoletta and; Macino Giuseppe. (1992). Quelling: Transient inactivation of gene expression in Neurospora crassa by transformation with homologous sequences. Molecular Microbiology 6:3343-3353.
  40. Rasche, E. 1998. Rapeseed with tolerance to the non selective herbicide glufosinate ammonium. Plant Oils Fuels, Proc. Symposium, 211-221.
  41. Russell, D. A. (2000). Feasibility of antibody production in plants for human therapeutic use. In Plant Biotechnology: new products and applications, J. Hammond, P. McGarvey and V. Yusibov, eds. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag), pp. 119-138.
  42. Schubbert R, Hohlweg U, Renz D, Doerfler W. (1998). On the fate orally ingested foreign DNA in mice: chromosomal association and placental transmission of the fetus. Molecular and General Genetics 259: 569-576.
  43. Schubbert R, Lettmann C, Doerfler W. (1994). Ingested foreign (phage M13) DNA survives transiently in the gastrointestinal tract and enters the bloodstream of mice. Molecular and General Genetics 242: 495-504.
  44. Schubbert, R, Renze D, Schmitz B, Doerfler W. (1997). Foreign (M13) DNA ingested by mice reaches peripheral leukocytes spleen and liver via the intestinal wall mucosa and can be covalently linked to mouse DNA. PNAS 94:961-66.
  45. Selker EU (1999). Gene silencing: repeats that count. Cell 97:157-60.
  46. Somers, D. J., and Filion, W. G. (1991). An analysis genomic interaction on expression of heat-shock mRNA in a wheat/rye hybrid. Curr Top Plant Biochem Physiol Proc Plant Biochem Physiol Symp Univ Mo Columbia 10, 292.
  47. Unger, E., Betz, S., Xu, R.-J. and Cigan, A. M. (2000). Placement and selection of adjacent genes and regulatory elements influence DAM-mediated male sterility in maize. manuscript in preparation.
  48. Vaden, V.R. and Melcher, U. (1990). Recombination sites in cauliflower mosaic virus DNAs: implications for mechanisms of recombination. Virology 177: 717-726.
  49. Vaucheret Herve; Beclin Christophe; Elmayan Taline; Feuerbach Frank; Godon Christian; Morel Jean-Benoit; Mourrain Philippe; Palauqui Jean-Christophe; Vernhettes Samantha (1998). Transgene-induced gene silencing in plants. Plant Journal 16:651-659.
  50. Waterhouse Peter M; Graham Michael W; Wang Ming-Bo (1998). Virus resistance and gene silencing in plants can be induced by simultaneous expression of sense and antisense RNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998 95:13959-13964.
  51. Watson J. C. and Thompson W.F. 1988. Purification and restriction endonuclease analysis of plant nuclear DNA. In: Methods for Plant Molecular Biology. Weissbach, A. and Weissbach, H., (Eds.). Academic Press, San Diego.
  52. World Health Organization. 1991. Strategies for Assessing the Safety of Foods Processed by Biotechnology. Report of a joint FAO/WHO Consultation. Would Health Organization, Geneva.